ʻO ka Hale Aliʻiʻo Apostolic


ʻO ka Hale Aliʻiʻo Apostolic ma ka Vaticanʻo ka "noho" kūlana o ka Pope. Ua kapaʻiaʻo iaʻo ka Palace Papal, ka Halealiʻiʻo Vatican , aʻo ka inoaʻo iaʻo ka Hale Aliʻi o Sixtus V. Heʻoiaʻiʻo,ʻaʻole kēia hale, akā he "hōʻiliʻili" holoʻokoʻa o nā hale aliʻi, nā hale pule, nā hale pule, nā hale mīkini a me nā keʻena i kūkuluʻia i nā manawa likeʻole i nāʻano likeʻole. ʻO lākou a pau e pili ana iā Cortile di Láv V. V.

Aia he hale puleʻo Apostolic ma ka'ākau hikina o ka Hale Puleʻo St. Peter . Ma hope aku,ʻelua mau maka kaulana kaulana -ʻo ka hale aliʻi o Gregorio XIII a me ka Bastion of Nicholas V.

He wahi moʻolelo

I ka manawa i kūkuluʻia ai ka Hale Aliʻi'Ai'ōlelo,ʻaʻole iʻike maopopoʻia, ua nui loa kaʻikepili: ua manaʻo kekahi poʻe kākau moʻolelo, ua kūkuluʻia kekahi mau hapa o kaʻaoʻao hema a me ka hapa mua loa i ka hopena o ke III - hoʻomaka o nā kenekulia IV i ke au o Constantine ka nui, kaikaina "a ua kūkuluʻia i ka makahiki VI. ʻO nā kolonā a hōʻea i ke kenekulia 8, a ma 1447 ma lalo o Pope Nicholas V nā hale kahiko i wāwahiʻia, a ua kūkuluʻia kekahi hale hou ma ko lākou wahi (me ka "hoʻokomo"ʻana o kekahi o nā mea kahiko). Ua hoʻopauʻia a ua kūkulu houʻia i nā manawa he nui, a hiki i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 16 - he ikaika loa, akā, i ka 20 o ka haneli ua hoʻopauʻia hoʻi (e like me ka Pope Pius XI kahi i hoʻokomoʻia ai ke komoʻana i ka hale hōʻikeʻike).

Nā kūlanaʻo Raphael

4 mau lumi liʻiliʻi, i penaʻia e Raphael a me kāna mau haumāna, ua kapaʻiaʻo Stanze di Rafaello - Raphael's Stantsi (ʻo ka hua'ōlelo "stanza" ma keʻano he keʻena). Ua hoʻolālāʻia kēia lumi i ka papa kauoha a Pope Julius II - kohoʻo ia iā lākou ma kahi noho,ʻaʻole makemake e noho i nā lumi i noho aiʻo ia ma mua o Alexander VI. Aia kekahi moʻolelo e hiki ana i kekahi mau pena ma luna o nā pā, akāʻo Julius, i hahauʻia e ke akamai o Raphael, kauoha iā ia e kuʻi i lalo i nā mea pena'ē aʻe a kauoha i ke kanaka kiʻi e hoʻopiha i ka lumi -ʻo Raphael wale nō he 25 makahiki wale nō.

ʻO ka lumi mua kahi i kapaʻiaʻo Stanza del Senatura; ʻo ia wale nō o nā meaʻehā i mālamaʻia i ka inoa kumu - a ua kapaʻia nā inoa i ka inoa nui o nā frescoes e hoʻolālī ana iā lākou. ʻO ka hōʻailona ma ka unuhiʻanaʻo ia hoʻi, "hōʻailona", "e kau i ke sila" -ʻo ka lumi i lilo i keʻena, kahi i heluhelu ai ka makua i nā pepa i hoʻounaʻia iā ia, a kau inoa iā ia a hōʻailona i kona inoa me ka sila.

Ua pena ka mea pena i ka lumi i ka manawa mai 1508 a hiki i 1511, ua hoʻohanaʻia i ke ola pono'ī o ke kanaka, a he 4 mau mōneka e hōʻike ana i 4 mauʻaoʻao o iaʻano hana: ke akekamai, ka hoʻoponopono, ka hoʻonaʻauao a me nā mele.

Ua hōʻikeʻia ke kiʻi paʻi o Stanza d'Eliodoro mai ka makahiki 1511 a hiki i ka makahiki 1514; ʻO ka poʻomanaʻo o nā kiʻi penaʻia,ʻo ia ka hāʻawiʻana o ke aupuni i ka Ekalesia a me kāna mau kuhina.

ʻO ka inoaʻekolu o stanza,ʻo Incendio di Borgo - kekahi o nā frescoes, e hōʻike ana i ke ahi ma ka'āpana o Borgo, kokoke i ka hale pule papal. Ua hoʻolaʻaʻia nā frescoes a pau i ka hana a nā pope (me ka fresco i hoʻolaʻaʻia no ke ahi - e like me ka moʻolelo, ua hoʻomaluʻo Pope Leo i ka keʻaʻaʻole wale i ka weliweli, akā, ke ahi hoʻi). Ua hanaʻia ma kāna kiʻi pena mai 1514 a hiki i 1517 mau makahiki.

ʻO ka hope hope loa - Sala di Konstantino - ua hoʻopauʻia e nā haumāna a Raphael,ʻoiai i ka makahiki 1520 ua make ke kanaka pena. Ua hoʻolaʻaʻia ka papahana no ka paioʻana o ka mō'ī Karistiano Roma Romaʻo Constantine me nā kānaka'ē.

Hale Aliʻiʻo Belvedere

Ua kapaʻia ka Hale Aliʻiʻo Belvedere ma hope o ke kiʻi kiʻiʻiaʻo Apollo Belvedersky, kahi i mālamaʻia ma laila. I kēia lā i loko o ka hale aliʻi ka hale hōʻikeʻike o Pius-Clement . Ma waho aʻe o ka kiʻi kaulana o'Aollo i ka honua, he nui nā hana'ē aʻe, e like me ke kiʻi o Laocoon, Aphrodite o Cnidus, Antinous of Belvedere, Perseus o Antonio Canova, Hercules, a me nā kiʻi kaulana'ē aʻe.

Ma ka hōʻuluʻuluʻana, aia nā hale hōʻikeʻike ma kahi o 8 mau haneli:ʻo ka Animal Hall e pili ana i 150 mau kiʻi e hōʻike ana i nā hanana likeʻole me nā holoholona (ʻo kekahi o lākou he mau kope o nā kiʻi kahiko kahiko,ʻo kekahi ma o nā huahana i hoʻopuka houʻia e ka mea kumulāʻauʻIlelani Francesco Franconi); Eia ma waena o kekahi poʻe, ka 'ōlelo Helene maoli e hōʻike ana i ke kukui o Minotaur. Aia i loko o ka Hall of Muses he mau kiʻi e hōʻike ana iā Apollo a me 9 muses. ʻO nā kiʻi ke kope o nā mele Helene kahiko e pili ana i ka 3rd BC. Eia ke kiʻi mai ka Belvedere a me nā kiʻi o nā kiʻi Helene kahiko kaulana, e like me Pericles. ʻO ke Muses Hall heʻanoʻewalu, i hoʻopuniʻia e nā kolamu me ke kauoha a ko Korinito. ʻAʻole iʻoi aʻe ka nānā ma mua o nā kiʻi kiʻiʻia, e huki i ka pehi o ke kolo o Tomaszo Konka,ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻokumuʻia e nā kiʻi kiʻi, a hōʻike i nā Muses a me'Apolo, e like me nā haku mele kaulana kahiko - Helene a me Roman.

ʻO Pinturicchio a me kāna mau haumāna nā mea pena o nā paia o ke kiʻi kiʻi. Eia nā kiʻi o nā akua a me nā akua wahine, nā mō'ī Roma (Augustus, Marcus Aurelius, Nero, Caracalla, etc.), nā patricians a me nā kama'āina, a me nā kope o nā kiʻi Helene kahiko. Ua hoʻonaniʻia nāʻaoʻao hope loa o ka hale kiʻi me nā kiʻi kaulanaʻelua:ʻo Jupiter ma luna o ka noho aliʻi a moeʻo Ariadne, a ma waho o lākou eʻikeʻoe i nā kiʻi e like me Drunken Satyr, Lamentation o Penelope a me nā mea'ē aʻe. Aia ma ka Hall of Busts he mau hē o nā kānaka kaulana Roma a me nā akua kahiko, e like me ka haʻawina hauʻoli no Cato a me Portia. I loko o ka lumi i kahi 100 busts a me frescoes o ka Renaissance.

ʻO ka mea e pono ai ke kuhikuhiʻia,ʻo ia ka Hall of the Greek Cross (i kapaʻiaʻo ia ma keʻano o ka), ka Masima Mask, a me ke Rotunda me ka ipu kīʻaha monolithic nui i hoʻonohonohoʻia i loko,ʻo ka Apo Kuhina o Apoximen.

Ma mua o ka Hale Aliʻi Belvedere he pūnāwai ma keʻano o ka moku - ka hana a Pirro Ligorio, aʻo kahi i kapaʻia aiʻo iaʻo ka Hale Kumamānia o Pinnia . A hiki i ka hoʻomakaʻana o ke kenekulia 17, ua kūkulu ka moku i ka Field of Mars ma Paris, akā i ka makahiki 1608 ua laweʻia i ka Vatican a hoʻonohoʻia ma mua o ka puka o ka Halealiʻiʻo Belvedere. He mea ia e pili ana i ka hanaʻana o ke ao nei.

Ma waho aʻe o ka cone, ua hoʻonaniʻia ka pāʻani me ka hoʻokalakupua hou loa Sfera con Sfera - "Mākaʻikaʻi ma ke kula" na Arnaldo Pomodoro, i hoʻokumuʻia i nā makahiki 90 o ke kenekulia. ʻO ka'āpana keleawe keleaweʻehāʻehā kahi iʻikeʻia ai, kahi iʻikeʻia ai nā hiʻohiʻona, ma o nā "lua" a me nā "puka" ma waho. Hoʻonohonohoʻo ia i ka Honua i ke Ao holoʻokoʻa a kāhea aku e noʻonoʻo i kaʻoiaʻiʻo e hiki i nā mea a pau e hoʻopauʻia i ka hopena o ka honua i ka hopena.

ʻO Sistine Chapel

Ua kūkuluʻia ka Sistine Chapel i ka manawa o Pope Sixtus IV (hanaʻia i ka makahiki 1473 a ua pau i ka makahiki 1481) a ua kapaʻia ma kona hanohano, ai ka lā o ka Ascension o ka Virgin Mary i ka lā 15 oʻAukake, 1483, ua hoʻolaʻaʻiaʻo ia. Ma mua o ia, he wahi halepule'ē aʻe i kū ai ma kēia wahi, kahi e'ākoakoa ai ka pā papalā. ʻO ka manaʻo o ke kūkuluʻana i kahi halepule hou, uaʻoi aʻe ka ikaika a hiki ke ola i kahi pōpilikia, inā pono, e ala mai ana i Sixtus IV no ka hopena o ka hoʻouka kauaʻana ma ka hikina hikina o Italia e ka Mō'ī'Otoman Mehmed II, a no ka hōʻeha kaua o Signoria Medici.

Eia naʻe,ʻaʻole i hoʻopoinaʻia ka pākaua, aʻaʻole hoʻi i poinaʻia ka mea nani o ka hale pule:ʻo nā pā pōhaku i hanaʻia e Sandro Boticelli, Penturikkio a me nā mea haku kaulana'ē aʻe o ia manawa. Ma hope aku, i kēia manawa me ka Pope Julius II, ua hanaʻo Michelangelo i ka pena o ka lua (hōʻike i ka hanaʻana o ke ao nei), nā hua'ōlelo a me ka wehe. Ma luna o nā papaʻehā e hōʻike ana i nā moʻolelo o ka Bible "Copper Serpent", "David and Goliath", "Kara Amana" a me "Judith a me Holofernes." Ua hanaʻo Michelangelo i ka hana ma kahi pōkole pōkole, me ka meaʻo ia i hoʻonohonoho pono iā ia iho he mea kālai kiʻi,ʻaʻoleʻo ia he mea pena,ʻoiai, i ka wā o ka hana, ua nui nā pilikia (kahi i kuʻiʻia ai nā frescos no ka mea ua uhiʻia lākou i ka lepo, kahi i noiʻia ai lākou, ua hōʻikeʻia i ka hoʻohuiʻiaʻana o ka lepo, a ma hope iho ua hoʻohanaʻia kekahi moa hou, a ua pena houʻia nā frescoes hou).

I ka pauʻana o ka hana ma luna o ka pelekānia i kaʻOkakopa 31, 1512, ua mālamaʻia nā keʻena pule nui ma ka hale pule hou (i ka lā hoʻokahi a me ka hora hoʻokahi 500 mau makahiki ma hope mai, i ka makahiki 2012, ua kākau houʻiaʻo Vespers e Pope Benedict XVI). ʻAʻole ia he mea kupanaha,ʻo Michelangelo ka mea i hāʻawiʻia i ke kiʻi o ka paia o ke kuahu. Ua hanaʻia nā hana e ke haku mai 1536 a hiki i 1541; Ma luna o ka pā kahi kahi o ka Hoʻokolokolo Kiʻekiʻe.

Hoʻomaka i ka makahiki 1492 - me ka conclave kahi i kohoʻia ai ka Peresidenaʻo Rodrigo Borgia, a liloʻo Pope Alexander VI - ma ka Sistine Chapel i nā manawa a pau.

Nā papa hana Papal

ʻO ke keʻena kahi e ola ai ka pope aʻoi ka hana ma luna; ʻikeʻia kekahi o nā puka makani ma kahi o St. Peter's Square . Aia lākou ma nā lumi he nui - he keʻena, kahi lumi kākau'ōlelo, kahi lumi hoʻokipa, lumi lumi moe, kahi lumi hoʻokipa, kahi lumiʻaina, kahi lumi kuke. Aia kekahi pūnaewele nui, kahi hale pule a me kahi keʻena lapaʻau, he mea nui i hāʻawiʻia i ka makahiki i koho pinepineʻia e ka poʻe pope. Eia naʻe, ua haʻalele nā ​​pontiff Francis i nā lumi papal a ola i loko o ka hale o Santa Marta, ma kahi lumi lumiʻelua.

I loko o ka Hale Puleʻo Apostolic he hoʻokahi aku mau "papa papal" - nā hale o ka Pope Pope Alexander VI - Borgia. I kēia lā, he māhele lākou o ka Hale Waihona Vatican , ua weheʻia i nā mea huakaʻi, e hoʻohuli ana i ka nānā nui i nā kiʻi pena i hanaʻia e Pinturicchio.

Pehea e kipa aku ai i ka Hale Aliʻiʻo Apostolic?

Hiki iāʻoe ke kipa aku i ka Hale Puleʻo Apostolic i nā lā hebedoma a me nā Sābati mai 9-00 a hiki i ka 18-00. He pāʻani ka pākeke no 16 mau kālā, hiki iāʻoe ke kūʻai mai ma ka hale kūʻai pepa ma mua o 16-00. Ma ka Lāpule hope o ka malama, hiki ke hoʻokipaʻia ka hale hōʻikeʻike mai 9-00 a 12-30 me ka ukuʻoleʻia.