ʻO ka maʻi maʻi i nā keiki - pehea e hōʻoia ai i nā hōʻailona weliweli a me ka mea e hana ai ma hope?

ʻO ka Hyperglycemia a me ka hōʻinoʻia o kaʻaila o ka insulin ka hopenaʻelua o nā maʻi o endocrine i waena o nā keiki a me nā'ōpio. Wahi a ka World Health Organization, ke ulu pinepine nei ka uluʻana o nā keiki me ka maʻi hē. I nā makahiki 5-10 e hiki mai ana, ua hoʻonuiʻia ka heluna o nā maʻi i ka 70%.

Hiki i ka maʻi maʻi i loko o kahi keiki?

Uaʻikeʻia nā maʻi pilikino i hōʻikeʻia i loko o nā keiki hou, kahi maʻi o ka hopena i ka hopena o nā makahiki. He nui nā mākua e noʻonoʻo nei i ka hikiʻana i ka maʻi maʻi i loko o nā keiki i loaʻaʻole kahi maʻi mua o ka maʻi. Pono ka pane i kēia nīnau. Loaʻa nāʻano likeʻole o ka maʻi i noʻonoʻoʻia, e ulu ana kekahi o lākou ma muli o nā meaʻino'ē aʻe a me nāʻano maʻiʻano'ē aʻe.

Nāʻano o ka maʻi maʻi i loko o nā keiki

Ma waho aʻe o nāʻano maʻiʻelua o ka maʻi endocrine, i hoʻonohonohoʻia e like me ka insulin i ka hilinaʻiʻana, aia kekahi mauʻano o ka haunapuni i ka momona. Nāʻano liʻiliʻi o ka maʻi maʻisā:

Neonatal. ʻO kēiaʻano o ka maʻi i loaʻa i nā keiki hou a me nā keiki a hiki i ka 6 mau mahina. ʻO kēia maʻi maʻamau i nā keiki ke ola ma keʻano lōʻihi a mau loa. I ka hihia mua, e emi loa ana ka makemake o ka pēpē no ka insulin i kona manawa iho no ka hapalua makahiki. ʻO ka hoʻouka houʻana i nā maʻi maʻi i ka wā e hiki mai ana he 50%. ʻO keʻano o kaʻaoʻao lua keʻano i ka pono o ke ola o ka insulin.
MODY. Hoʻopukaʻia nā mea i hōʻikeʻia i keʻano o ka maʻi diabetic i ka'ōpiopio (Kaupapa Māmā-Hoʻomaka o ka Yong). MODY he hapa kīnā o nā pūpū pancreatic i loaʻa i loko o kahiʻano mana nui (ʻaʻole e pili ana me ka wahine o ke keiki, hoʻounaʻia mai kekahi hanauna ai kekahi hanauna). ʻO kēia maʻisuka he 9 mau'āpana, aʻo ka hapa nui o ia mau mea e hōʻikeʻia ana e ke ala mālie, aiʻole kekahi manawa e koiʻia ka hoʻolālā o ka insulin.
Kauālua. ʻO kekahiʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi e puka mai ana ma keʻano o nā maʻiʻehaʻino. ʻO kēia maʻi he hiki ke hele pū me nā maʻi o Rogers, Wolfram, Alström, Rabson-Mendelholl, leprechaunizm, lipodystrophy a me nā maʻi'ē aʻe.

1 ka nui o ka maʻi diabetes

ʻO kaʻano i hōʻikeʻia o ka maʻi endocrine mau loa (ʻo ka insulin-dependent) ka mea maʻamau i waena o nā kamaliʻi. ʻO ka maʻi diabetes type 1 i nā keiki i hoʻohuiʻia i nā huiʻelua:

autoimmune;
idiopathic.

ʻO keʻano mua o ka maʻi i hōʻikeʻia e ke alo o nā autoantibodies i loko o ke koko, e hōʻeha a luku i nā pūnaewele beta mokupuni o ka pancreas. ʻO ka hopena,ʻo ka'ekeococrine e huaʻia mai ka insulin e hāʻule i ka glucose. He mea paʻakikī ke ho'ākākaʻana i ka maʻi diabetic i loko o nā keiki -ʻaʻoleʻikeʻia nā kumu o kēiaʻano pilikino. I loko o ke koko o ke keiki,ʻaʻohe mauʻelele i loaʻa, akā, ua like keʻano o ka maʻi.

2ʻano o ka maʻi diabetes

Uaʻike muaʻia keʻano o ka maʻi o ka insulin i ka maʻi i nā mākua a me nā meaʻelemakule. ʻO ka maʻi diabetes 2 i nā keiki i hoʻomaka e hoʻomohala i kēia manawa. ʻO ka hopena kēia o ka loli i keʻano o ka nohona a me ka meaʻai o nā keiki kula kiʻekiʻe. ʻO kaʻaiʻole a me ka haʻahaʻa liʻiliʻi e hoʻoulu i ka nui, kahi e alakaʻi ai i nā maʻi endocrine.

Nā kumu o ka maʻi diabetes

ʻO nā kumu e hoʻonāukiuki i nā maʻi i hōʻikeʻia e pili i konaʻano. Ke piʻi nei ka Neonatal, kekona a me ka MODY-diabetes ma muli o ka hoʻololiʻana. ʻO kēia mau maʻiʻeleʻele e pili ana i ka hoʻokaeʻana i ka ponoʻole . ʻO nā kumu nui o ka maʻi diabetes 1 i hiki ke māheleʻia iʻelua mau hui:

moʻo kino;
waho.

ʻO ka predisposition o ke kuleana ma kēia hihia,ʻaʻole i ka hoʻololiʻana i nāʻanoʻano likeʻole, akā i loko o kā lākou hui pūʻia. ʻO ka nohoʻana o ka maʻi maʻi i nā mākua a me nāʻohana o kaʻohana,ʻaʻole ia he mea e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai i ke kūkuluʻana o nā maʻi maʻi i loko o ke keiki. No ka hoʻouluʻana a me ke kuhiʻiaʻana o endocrine, ponoʻia nā mea waho waho:

nā meaʻaiʻole maikaʻi (preservatives, nitrates, gluten);
toxins;
nā huaʻopa ( rubella , parotitis, Epstein-Barr a me nā mea'ē aʻe);
ka pilikia kaumaha a iʻole ka hopena.

ʻO nā kumu o ka maʻi maʻisāʻano 2 he ala halaʻole o nā keiki. Hiki ke hoʻololi i ka hanaʻana o ka pancreas a me nā maʻi i ka maʻi ma ke kino e kū'ē i ke kumu o:

ka hoʻomau pinepine;
ka momona;
haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa;
ka hoʻohana pinepineʻana i ka "ʻai wikiwiki".

ʻO ka maʻi maʻi i nā keiki - nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona

Hōʻikeʻia kahiʻoihana pilikino o nā maʻi pilikino ma nā keiki kamaliʻi ma mua o ka poʻe mākua. Ke holomua nei nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi maʻi i nā keiki ma muli o kēia mau kumu:

ka'ōlohelohe o ka enzyme a me nā lako endocrin;
ka holo 'ana i ka metabolism, e like me nā' elebohydrates a me nā suga;
nā pāʻoihana hōʻeuʻeuʻole.

Me ka pauʻole o ka insulin,ʻaʻole paʻa ka glucose, aʻike nā pūnaewele i ka pōloli make. No kaʻonaʻana, ua hoʻomaka ka momona o nā momona me ka hananaʻana o nā kino ketone a me ka acetone, he lāʻauʻawaʻawa. ʻO kēia māhele ke kuleana no ke ala e hōʻikeʻia ai ka maʻi maʻi i nā keiki. Hoʻopiliʻia nā hua hoʻokuʻuʻia i loko o ke koko, hoʻonāukiuki i ka ketoacidosis a me nā hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi.

ʻO nā hōʻailona mua o ka maʻi maʻi i nā keiki

Inā kū ka MODY, ua hele mālie ka maʻi me kahi kiʻi hōʻailona hōʻoluʻolu i hōʻikeʻia e hikiʻole i nā mākua ke hoʻomaopopo. I kekahi mau kumu'ē aʻe, e holo wikiwiki loa ana ka maʻi diabetes -ʻo nā hōʻailona o nā keiki i ka hoʻomakaʻana o nā maʻi pilikino:

he manaʻo mau o ka make wai a me ka maloʻo ma ka waha;
enuresis ;
ka pinepine pinepine ;
ka nui o kaʻai;
makemake e hiamoe ma hope o kaʻaiʻana;
luhi.

No nā mau hebedoma, ua ulu nei kēia mau hōʻailona o ka maʻi maʻi i nā keiki. Hoʻohui houʻia:

ka pohō kaumahaʻole;
ʻike pōʻino;
hiki ke pale i nā maʻiʻili;
neurodermatitis ;
nā mycoses;
kaʻiliʻana o kaʻili;
'Onochosis.

ʻO ka maʻi diabetic - hōʻailona

ʻO keʻano i nīnauʻia ke hoʻopukaʻia inā piʻi ka maʻi diabet i nā keiki me kaʻole o ka lāʻau. He hopena pilikia loa kēia, aʻo kahi hopena hopena paha ka hopena. ʻO ka'ōpiopio ke keiki,ʻo ka wikiwiki o ka hulinaʻana i ka haukapila no ke kōkua kūpono. ʻO ka maʻi diabetic i nā keiki e hele pū me ka nalo o kaʻike. Hoʻopukaʻia kēiaʻano i nā hōʻailona:

nā maʻiʻeha;
nā mea hopohopo, nā ukali;
nele i kaʻona;
nāuʻa a me ka luaʻi.
i ka make wai nui;
ka ehaʻeha;
nā maʻi o ka urination;
he'ōlohi'ōniʻoniʻo ma nā papalina me kaʻili palupalu o ka maka;
ka hohonu a me ka hauʻoli;
piʻi ka nui o ka naʻau;
ka emi o ka mahana o ke kino a me ke kahe o ke koko;
ka wele me ke koko;
ka hanuʻana o nā maka;
ka meaʻoi o kaʻeleʻele mai kaʻaila.
māmā o nā lālā.

ʻO nā pilikia o ka maʻi maʻi i loko o nā kamaliʻi

Ma hope aku,ʻikeʻia ka hopena o ka maʻi pilikino a iʻole ka lawaʻole o ka hoʻolālā kūpono i nā hopena maikaʻi e pili ana i nā pūnaewele a pau, e like me ka hanaʻana o ka lolo. Ka hopena o ka maʻi maʻamau:

ʻO Neuropathy;
angina pectoris;
arteriosclerosis o nā moku koko;
ka hōʻeha kino;
ka piʻiʻana;
pupule;
nephropathy;
ka pōʻino kīʻahi ;
ka hāmele i ka hoʻolālā kino a me ke kino;
ka hopena;

ka hemorrhage ma ka maka;
glaucoma;
hōʻuluʻulu;
makapo;
ke kūpona kūpina o nā lālā lalo;
ka momona a me ka iliʻeleʻele;
nā maʻiʻepekema a me nā maʻi dermatatological fungal;
ka momona o nā iwi;
ka hihia.

ʻO ka maʻi diabetes - hōʻoia

ʻO ka hōʻoiaʻana o nā kānalua i ka hoʻomohalaʻana i nā maʻi o ka hopena e hanaʻia ma muli o nā hōʻailona o ka loaʻa a me nā hoʻokolohua lepe. ʻO ke kapu o ke kō i loko o ke koko o kahi keiki e pili ana i kona mau makahiki:

a hiki i 12 mahina - 2.8-4.4 mmol / l;
1-5 makahiki - 3.3-5 mmol / l;
i 5 mau makahiki - a hiki i ka 5.5 mmol / l.

No ka hōʻoia ponoʻana i ka maʻi maʻi i loko o nā keiki a hoʻoholo i konaʻano, nui ka nui o nā ho'āʻoʻana o ke koko e hanaʻia ma nā hōʻike i lalo:

insulin a me proinsulin;
C-peptide;
hemoglobin glycosylated;
ke ahonui i ka glucose;
kahi'āpana-kūmole (CBS);
nā pūʻali āpau i nā pūnaewele beta o ka pancreas a me ka glutamate decarboxylase;
nā hoʻololiʻokoʻa.

Pono nō hoʻi e hele i ka hoʻoholo e hoʻoholo i ka hoʻonaʻauao:

glucose;
nā kino ketone;
'ōpū.

ʻO ka maʻi o ka maʻi i loko o nā keiki

He mea nui i nā mākua ke hoʻomaopopo he mau loa ka hoʻomaopopoʻana i ka hōʻailona. Ke hanaʻia nāʻano o ka hoʻouka houʻana i nā hana pancreatic a me ka hoʻomauʻana o ka metabolism o ka'ōpalu,ʻo ka mālamaʻana i ka maʻi maʻi i loko o nā keiki e ola loa. Pono ka lapaʻau a me ke kūmau o ke kaiā, pono e hahai pono i nā'ōlelo a ke kauka, mālama i ka meaʻai a hāʻawi i ka manawa no ka hoʻolālā kino.

ʻO ka mea mua e hoʻomakaʻia ai ka hoʻomaʻamaʻaʻana he nānā mauʻana i nā piʻi koko. No ka hanaʻana i kēia, e kūʻai i kahi glucometer a me nā'ōpala ho'āʻo. No ka hoʻoholo maikaʻiʻana i ka maʻi, ua'ōleloʻia nā kauka e loaʻa kahi diary kūikawā, ka mea e hoʻopaʻa ai i nā mea heluhelu wale nō, akā,ʻo nāʻano kūlike hoʻi:

kaʻike o ka pilikia a me ka maʻi;
Pau nā meaʻai a me nā mea inu;
ka hana kino;
keʻano nui o ke olakino a me keʻano.

Hana i keʻano o ka maʻi maʻamau i loko o nā keiki

ʻO kēiaʻano o nā maʻi pilikino e hōʻikeʻia ana e ka hapa o ka insulin i loko o ke kino o ke keiki. No ka mālamaʻana i ke ola maʻamau, pono e uku i ka nele o kahi hormone mai waho. No ka mālamaʻana i ka diabetes o ka type 1 i loko o nā keiki, pono nā injections o ka insulin. Hoʻonohonohoʻia ka hana a me ke alapine o nā injections e ka endocrinologist i kēlā me kēia maʻamau e like me nā mau palena:

ka makahiki a me ke kaumaha o ka pēpē;
ka nui o hyperglycemia;
ke kumu o ke keiki;
ke kūlana o ka hana kino

Hikiʻole ke mālamaʻia i ka maʻi maʻamau o ka maʻi insulin-iʻole ka hanaʻana o ka insulin. ʻO nā hoʻokele'ē aʻe he calatanism a he mea weliweli ia i ke keiki. ʻO ka hoʻokahi wale nō mea hoʻonaʻauao kūpono no kēiaʻano maʻi e like:

nā hoʻoukuʻana i kēlā me kēia lā;
kānāwai hoʻomalu;
ka hana maʻamau maʻamau.

Hanaʻia o keʻano 2 Diabetes Deals in Children

ʻO nāʻano pilikino i hōʻikeʻia, he emiʻole ka mea maʻamau, kokoke i 10-20% o nā hihia. ʻO ka maʻi maʻamau o ka insulin-i loko o nā keiki e hōʻike ana i kahi hōʻailona koʻikoʻi, i loko o ia mau hana:

ke kaulike o ke kaumaha o ke kino (i mua o ka momona);
ka hana kino;
mālama mau i kaʻai;
Lawe i nā lāʻau maʻi hypoglycemic.

Hanaʻia nā papa hana hoʻolālā iʻekolu mau papa hana o ka wiki no nā hola 1-1.5. Eia kekahi, pono i ka keiki e hele i kēlā me kēia lā (3-4 km), i ka poʻe'ōpio e'ōleloʻia e hele i 5-7 mau mika. Me ka laulā likeʻole me nā'ōlelo endocrinologist i ka meaʻai, ua lawa kēia no ka mālamaʻana i ke kūpaʻa o ke kō a me ka nohona ma keʻano maʻamau.

Ināʻike ka maʻi maʻi i nā keiki a me ka hoʻonāukiuki i ka ketoacidosis, e koiʻia ke pani houʻana o ka maʻi insulin. Ma hope o ka hoʻoikaikaʻana i ke kūmole a me ka hōʻemiʻana i ka hanaʻana o nā kino ketone, hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻokuʻu i ka hormon. No ka mālamaʻana i keʻano o ka maʻi, ua kauʻia nā lāʻau lāʻau hypoglycemic i loko o nā papa. ʻO ka lāʻau wale nō o kēia hui, ua'āponoʻia no ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā pediatric - Metformin.