Kōkuhi

• Wāhi: Björkö, 178 92 Ekerö, Sweden
• Kelepona: +46 8 120 040 00
• Paena pūnaewele: www.birkavikingastaden.se
• E mail: bokning@stromma.se
• Ka lā kumu: e pili ana i 770.

ʻO ka mokupuniʻo Bjerke (Björkö) ma Lake Mälaren kahi kahi i hoʻokumu muaʻia ai ke kūlanakauhale Swedish mua,ʻo Birka . ʻOi aku kona mau makahiki ma mua o hoʻokahi tausani mau makahiki -ʻoiai uaʻikeʻia ma kahi o 770 a hiki paha ma mua. Uaʻikeʻia i ka wā mai 770 a hiki i 970 ke kūlanakauhaleʻo Birka kekahi o nā kiko kūʻai kūʻai nui loa a nui loa ma Suetena :ʻo ia kahi i hoʻopauʻia ai ke ala kūʻai e pili ana i ka moku Viking me ka Kaliphate Arab a me ka Khazar Khaganate. I kēia lā, hui pūʻiaʻo Birka ma ka UNESCO Heritage Heritage List.

Nā mea hoihoi e pili ana i ka hanaʻana o ke kūlanakauhale

Ua aʻo ko mākou poʻe i kēia pūnaewele no nā hana i hanaʻia i ke kenekulia 20:

1. ʻO nā huakai mua o ka moku,ʻo ka hopena o kahi iʻikeʻia aiʻo Birka, hoʻomakaʻia i ka makahiki 1881. Ua hiki mai ka mea hulihonua kaulana o Suetena,ʻo Knut Jalmar Stolpe i Björkö me ka manaʻo e aʻo i nāʻupena hoʻonaʻauao i loko o ka amber i loaʻa ma ka mokupuni a hiki i ka hopena i ka nui o ka amber maʻaneʻi, he mea kūlahiʻole ia no ke awāwaʻo Lake Mālaren. ʻO kēia ka mea i alakaʻiʻia aiʻo ia e hana i ka manaʻo he mea nui loa ke kūʻaiʻana i ke kūlanakauhale.
2. Ma ke kumu nui, ua kau ka Pilla ma ka nānāʻana i nā kanu. I ka pae holoʻokoʻa, ua ninaninauʻo ia i kahi 1200 mau wahi kanu i kahi e kanuʻia aiʻo Hemladen a ma luna o ka puʻu paʻa o ka Borg. ʻO kekahi o lākou i loko o nā hale lāʻau lāʻau, kahi i nininiʻia ai nā puʻu; ʻo ia ka mea i hōʻikeʻia i loko o kēia mau ilina i kanuʻia ai ke aliʻi Vikings.
3. Ua hoʻopuka mua ka mea kākau moʻolelo i kāna mau hualoaʻa i ka makahiki 1874 ma ka International Archaeological Congress, a mai ia manawa mai, ua hoʻokipaʻo Birka lāuaʻo Bjorki Island i nā manaʻo o nā mea noiʻi ma keʻano nui. Ua loaʻaʻo Stolpe maʻaneʻi a me ka puʻukaua, aia ma ka puʻu o Borg. ʻO ia ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ka manaʻo eʻikeʻia kahi i loaʻa maʻaneʻiʻo Birka, ke kūlanakauhale o ka Vikings, i'ōlelo pinepineʻia i loko o nā moʻolelo kahiko a me nā palapala a nā mea kākau moʻolelo kahiko.
4. Eia naʻe,ʻaʻole nā ​​mea kākau moʻolelo a me nā kālaihonua e kākoʻo i kēia kuhiakau. ʻO ka mea mua,ʻo ka mea kākau moʻoleloʻAmelikaʻo Adam Bremen, i ka wā e ola mau anaʻo Birka i ke kūlanakauhale kaulana, kākauʻo ia ma ka'āinaʻo Goethe (ʻo ia hoʻi, ma ka moku o Veterne a me Vänern Lakes), aʻo ka lua,ʻaʻohe o nā mea kākau i kākau ʻO kēia kūlanakauhale nui ma ka moku.
5. ʻO kekahi mau mea'ē aʻe i ka mea kānalua i ka holoʻana o Birka i kēia manawaʻo ka meaʻo 600-700 ka nui o ka poʻe i loko o ka pā kaua, kahi i emi iho ma mua o nā pākū likeʻole ma Denmark , Russia a me ka Baltic Southern. Ma kekahiʻaoʻao, hiki i kahi o ke kūlanakauhale ma ka mokupuniʻaʻole i koiʻia ka noho mauʻana o kekahi pūʻali koa nui ma loko o nā pā kaua.
6. A no keʻano o ka "hoʻokahi" ma ka mokupuniʻo Bjorki,'ōleloʻo Birka (e like me ka like o ka inoa)ʻo ka nui o nā hale kanu kahi i loaʻa nā kālāʻArabia. Eia kekahi, uaʻikeʻia ka moku a he nui nā huahana Khazar (nā lole, nā kīʻaha, nā'āpana maikaʻi).
7. ʻO ka mea a pau, ua haʻaleleʻia ke kūlanakauhale ma hope o ka 970 e ka poʻe. ʻO ia ke kumu, i kēia lāʻaʻoleʻikeʻia. Wahi a kekahi poʻe noiʻi i kēia i ka hāʻuleʻana o ka Khazar Khaganate a hōʻikeʻia ke kūlanakauhale i noho ma ka mokupuniʻo ia kona koloka. ʻO ke kumu o ka hoʻouluʻana o ka'āina, aʻo ia ka hopena iʻokiʻia ai mai ka Baltic Sea, a me ke ahi e wāwahi ana i nā hale lāʻau.

ʻO ka inoa i kēia lā

I kēia mau lā ma ka mokupuni, hiki iāʻoe keʻike i nā wahi archaeological a me nā kanuʻana o ka Vikings, nā mea maʻalahi a me ka hanohano, nā koena o ka pākaua kahiko a me nā pā a puni, a me nā toena o kahi pā pōhaku paʻa. hiki mai nā moku moana maʻaneʻi. He kūpono ka halepule o Ansgar a me ke keʻa.

Eia kekahi,ʻo ka mokupuni e hana i ka Viking Museum, kahi eʻike aiʻoe:

• hoʻolālā kiko'ī o ke kūlanakauhale;
• nā ipu a me nā lei o kahi kanu;
• nā hapa o nā moku a me nā hale;
• nā mea kaua;
• nā pōhaku, e holo ana e hōʻike nei i nā hanana o nā makahiki lōʻihi.

Ma kaʻaoʻao kokoke i ka hale hoʻolima, ua kūkulu houʻia kahi kauhale Viking. ʻO nā hale i loko ona ua hanaʻia me nā lāʻau kikowaena, i'ākau ponoʻia i kekahi i kekahi, aiʻole i ulanaʻia mai nā kumu waina a hoʻomohuʻia me ka lepo. ʻO nā'ōpala he mauʻu maloʻo. I loko o kēlā me kēia hale eʻikeʻoe i ka umu ahi a me nā hale moe. Kokoke kokoke i ke kauhale he wahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, kahi e holo nei nā moku Viking.

Pehea e hele ai i nā Tags?

Mai Stockholm a hiki i ka mokuʻo Björkö he moku. Heleʻo ia ma ke kakahiaka mai ka Hale Mai Mai May a Sepatemaba; I kekahi lā he nui nā moku. ʻO ka poʻe i hele mua i ka mokupuni,'ōlelo lākou e nānā pono iā lākou iho,ʻaʻole me ka hele , no ka mea hoʻokahi wale nō hora ka holoʻana. Hāpaiʻia ka huakaʻi e kekahi alakaʻi Pelekānia, iʻaʻahuʻia e like me ka hoʻokele. ʻO ke kumukūʻai o ka huakaʻi holo i ka mokupuni he 40 mau kālā (e pili ana i 44 US kālā).