ʻO nā maʻi o ka maʻi kalohe ma loko o ka nui o nā maʻi a pau. Aia ma kahi o 10 miliona mau hihia hou i kēlā me kēia makahiki iʻikeʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Ke kali nei nā'āina a pau i nā lono mai nā meaʻepekema e pili ana i ka mea i hanaʻia he hōʻailona hana no ka maʻi kanesa. A i kēia manawa, hoʻomau i ka uluʻana o ka make o ka lāʻauʻokoʻa. No laila he aha ka maʻi no kēia maʻi?
ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau pēpēpīpila no ka maʻi kanesa
Nui nāʻano e mālama ai i ke kiʻikuʻi. ʻO kēia ka chemotherapy, radiation, hormonal, kahi hoʻohālikelikeʻana i ka lāʻau, ke kāwiliʻana. Hoʻo kohoʻia keʻano ma muli o keʻano, ka hanana o ka maʻi, kahi o ka piko, ka moku ola o ka mea maʻi, a pēlā aku. He lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi kanesa? Hoʻomohanaʻia nā kineta kūikawā no ka chemotherapy. ʻO ka pahuhopu nui i ka hoʻohanaʻana iā lākou,ʻo ia ka hoʻoneʻeʻana o nā pūkuniaʻau maʻi,ʻaʻole e nui aʻe ka maʻi,ʻaʻole iʻikeʻia nā kinakino. ʻO kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e like me:
- Ftorafur;
- ʻO Methotrexate;
- ʻO Hydroxyurea;
- Xeloda.
Anesthetics for incology
ʻO nā lāʻauʻona e hōʻoki i kaʻeha, me ka maʻi kanesa, hoʻohanaʻia e pale i nā hopena maikaʻiʻole ma ka maʻi a me ka noʻonoʻo o ka mea maʻi. Hoʻomoʻaʻia kaʻeha ma ke kiʻikika iʻelua mauʻano: neuropathic a nocicptive. Hoʻopaʻaʻia nā lāʻauʻona e like me keʻano o kaʻeha. No laila, uaʻikeʻia ua hoʻopauʻia kaʻehaʻehaʻole me ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā'ōlelo analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, opioids. No ka hoʻohemoʻana i ka maʻi neuropathic, ua kauʻia nā lāʻau antiepileptic a me nā antidepressants tricyclic.
Hoʻokumu nā kaukoki ikaika no ka hanaʻana i ke kilokika e ke kauka, i ka wā e loaʻaʻole ai i ka mea nāwaliwali ka hopena e makemakeʻia. Ke hana nei kēia no ka wikiwiki o ke kino i nā mea i hoʻohanaʻia. Ma ia mau hihia, hoʻohanaʻiaʻekolu mau papa hana, e like me nā'ōlelo WHO. I ka manawa like, ua laweʻia nā hoʻomākaukau adjuvant. Hāʻawi kēia kulekele i ka hopena analgesic i 90% o nā hihia:
- analgesic non-narcotic ;
- he lāʻau hōʻemi maʻamau a me kahi analgesic non-narcotic;
- nā opiates o ka hui morphine a me ka analgesic non-narcotic.
Hoʻomaka ka palekana i ke kaumaha ma ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā analgesics non-narcotic. Eia kēia mau mea:
- Paracetamol;
- Aspirin;
- Sodium metamizole;
- Kinoloka;
- He'ehanol ia;
- ʻO Ibuprofen;
- Naproxen;
- Ketorolac;
- Piroxicam;
- Meloksikam;
- Xsefokam;
- ʻO kaʻaila Mefenamic.
ʻO nā lāʻau'aloʻolo Adjuvant he mau lāʻau'aleʻa ia:
- hāʻawi i kā lākou mau pono (antidepressants, glucocorticoids, anti-inflammatory drugs);
- loaʻa ka hopena hoʻoponopono i nā hopena pili o nā analgesics narcotic (antipsychotics);
- e hoʻoikaika i ko lākou mau hana hoʻopiʻi (Clonidine,'āneka'ālika).
No ka nāwaliwaliʻana o nā'ōpena e lawe:
- Kaulina;
- Tramadol.
Hiki ke hoʻohālikelike i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ikaika loa no ka maʻi anestia:
- Propionylphenylethoxyethylpiperidine hydrochloride;
- ʻO Morphine;
- Buprenorphine;
- Kuhi.
ʻO nā lāʻau hōʻailona no kaʻikeʻole
ʻO ka waiʻanaʻaʻole ka mea maikaʻiʻole, akā, alakaʻi koke ia i ke kino i ka waikū, aʻo nā mucous membranes o ka'āpana o ka'ohehinuhinu ka hanaʻino. ʻO ka hōʻikeʻana o ka nausea a me ka luaʻiʻana i ka maʻi kanesa, he mea maʻamau loa. Hiki keʻokoʻa nā kumu:
- ka hōʻailona hōʻailona;
- kaona
- ka tumora a me nā kinona i ka lolo;
- nā pilikia o ka'ōpū o ka'ōpū o ka maʻi'ōpū;
- ka pōʻino kīʻahi;
- nā kinasona ma ke akepaʻa;
- ʻona;
- nā maʻiʻehaʻeha a me nā maʻi inflammatory.
Ma mua o ka hanaʻana i kahi hōʻailona hōʻailona me nā lāʻau lapaʻau, pono e hoʻokumu i nā kumu. No kēia,ʻo nā lāʻau lapaʻau a ka mea maʻi i loaʻa ai aʻikeʻia kaʻikepili labora. ʻO nā kumu o kēia maʻi ke kikowaena a me ke kiko. Ke hoʻohūlū ka pūnaewele waena, hoʻohanaʻia nā mea hana nei:
- nā mea palekana o ka serotonin (mau pahuhopo o 5 NTZ-nūnū -'Ondansetron, Tropisetron, Granisetron, a me nā mea'ē aʻe), uaʻoi loa ka maikaʻi i ka make;
- corticosteroids (Dexamethasone, Methylprednisolone, Solumedrol);
- ʻO Benzodiazepines (diazepam, lorazepam).
ʻO nā mea hana maʻamau a me nā mea hana maʻamau i kaʻikeʻole:
- nā lāʻau'eneki a me nā meaʻokoʻa'ē aʻe (Platyphylline a me Metacin);
- nā antihistamines (Diphenhydramine, Hoʻohālike);
- ʻO nā anakonika Dopamine nā phenothiazine (Etaperazine, Torekan, Aminazine) a me nā butyrophenones (Droperidol, Haloperidol), Metoclopramide (Cerucal).
Nā lāʻau i hoʻohanaʻia me ke kanulau
Hoʻomaʻauaoʻia ka hopena o ke kuhikahi i ka hakakāʻana i ka neʻokena. Ināʻaʻole, ua kapaʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau he "akamai". ʻO kēia inoa i loaʻa iā lākou no ka mea hiki ke hana wale nō i ka hoʻololiʻana i nā kinipona,ʻoiai e ola mau nāʻiʻo ola a me nāʻohe. ʻO iaʻano lāʻau lapaʻau no ka noʻonoʻoʻana ua kauohaʻia e ho'ōki i ka uluʻana o nā maʻi koko, e ho'ēmi i nā kumu o ka chemotherapy a me nā pilikia o nā maʻi. I kēia lā,ʻo 10 mau lāʻau lapaʻau i ho'āʻoʻia a ho'āʻoʻia a hoʻolimalimaʻia, no ka hoʻomoʻoʻiaʻana o kekahi haneli a hiki paha iā ia ke hoʻohana i ka maʻi kanesa.
Hoʻopilikia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kaʻikeʻole
Nui nā manaʻo e pili ana i ka hoʻohanaʻana i nā immunomodulators ma nā maʻi maʻi. Ua hoʻomaka lākou e hoʻohanaʻia i nā makahiki he 70. Ua hōʻikeʻo Practice i kēlāʻano kīnāʻaʻole e hāʻawi i ka manaʻole. Hiki ke maikaʻi a maikaʻiʻole. Hoʻopiliʻia ka pāʻokoʻa me ka kiʻikuʻi no nā hōʻailona:
- ma hope o ka chemotherapy a me ka hoʻohālike me nā maʻi a me nā hematological (Tamerite, Polyoxidonium, Glutoxim, Galavit, Neovir, Cycloferon, Roncoleukin, Leukinferon, Lycopid, Decaris, Timalin, Timogen, Milife);
- ma hope o nā hana koʻikoʻi (Polyoxidonium, Leukinferon, Galavit, Imunofan, Roncoleukin Myelopid, Lycopid);
- e hoʻoponopono i nā pilikia i loko o ka pūnaewele immune (Polyoxidonium, Glutoxim, Leukinferon, Imunofan, Galavit);
- no ka hana ma ka neoplasm (Roferon, Reaferon-EU, Intron-A, Leukocyte interferon no nā inictions);
- no ka paleʻana i nā kinona (Leukinferon, Neovir, Roncoleukin, a me Galavit),ʻaʻoheʻike i ka pono ma kēia alakaʻi.
Nā hoʻomākaukau no ka hemoglobin hāpaiʻana i kaʻikeʻole
Ma muli o ka helu o nā pūlaulaʻulaʻula, e hoʻokaʻawale i waena o ka microcytic, ka macrocytic a me ka anemia maʻamau. Hoʻohanaʻia ka mea hao no ka hanaʻana i ke kikilo me ka hoʻomākaukauʻana o ka erythropoietin, e hoʻonāukiuki i ka hana o erythrocytes. Eia kekahi, e hoʻonui i ka hemoglobin i nā maʻi kanulau, e hoʻohanaʻia ke ala o ka transfusion o erythrocytes, i ka wā e komo i loko o ke koko ka loaʻaʻana o nā pūpū kokoʻulaʻula mai ke koko hāʻawi. Pēlā, piʻi koke ka hemoglobin.
ʻO nā lāʻau hou i ka hanaʻana i ka maʻi kanesa
ʻO nā loli i ka mālamaʻana i nā kiʻikika, e like me nā mea'ē aʻe i loko o nā lāʻau lapaʻau, e hanaʻia ma kahi o nā makahiki he 10. ʻO nā mea hou loa, ka biotherapy o nā maʻi koko, ka mea no ka hoʻoponoponoʻana, ka hoʻokomoʻana i nāʻano hana hou, a me nā mīkini no ka paleʻana a me ka hoʻolālāʻana. No ka hoʻouluʻana i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi kanesa, pono nui ka manawa. Ma hope o ka mea i hanaʻia, hiki i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke holo i nā hanana o ka hoʻokolohua.
ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi
ʻO nā loiloi hou loa - he huakō Lūkini hou no ka maʻi kanesa, i hoʻolālāʻia e ka hui kūʻai lāʻau BIOCAD, PD-1. Mai ka makahiki 2015 a hiki i ka 2016, ua mālamaʻia nā hoʻokolohua holoholona. Ua hōʻikeʻia nā hopena i hōʻikeʻia ma waho o nā mea a pau i hana muaʻia. ʻO kēia keʻano i hoʻohālikelikeʻia aiʻole i kapaʻiaʻo "point" i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, kahi e hoʻomaha ai i ka uluʻana o ka tumau. I kēia manawa ua hoʻomakaʻia ka māheleʻelua o nā hoʻokolohua. Hoʻolālāʻia e hoʻohanaʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau no ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka 2018-2019.
He aha nāʻano o ke kanesa e hakakā ana i ka lāʻau hou?
ʻO ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau hōʻailona hōʻailona, e like me ka poʻe akamai, i nāʻano ococology e like me ka maʻi kanesa , ka'ōkena, ke poʻo a me ka'ā'ī, keʻano maʻi, melanoma. Ke'ōlelo nei nā'ōlelo hoʻohiki i ka wā e pau ai ka hōʻailonaʻana, e hoʻomauʻia ka hopena o ka lāʻau hou, e hāʻawi ai i kahi manawa e ola ai no nā mea maʻi loa. Aʻo ka mea nui loa, e loaʻa i nā poʻe Lūkini ka mea hana. ʻElua mau lālā i hoʻohanaʻia i nā lāʻau lapaʻau i laweʻia ma waho a he nui loa ka uku.
He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hikiʻole ke laweʻia me kaʻikeʻole?
ʻO ka paneʻana i nā nīnau, he aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hikiʻole ai i ka'ikekike, pono e hoʻomanaʻo i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻauʻaʻole hiki ke pale wale i ka hoʻoponoponoʻana i ka lāʻau maikiho, akā,ʻoi aku kaʻoi aʻe o ke kūlana. Eia kekahi laʻana, hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻonāukiuki i ka hopena, ka huaʻai a me nā meaʻokoʻa kūpono e hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka ulu a me ka metastases. Ma lalo o ka pāpā a me nā homoni. aia nō ka nīnau e pili ana i ka laweʻana o nā mea hana hao. Hiki ke'eliʻopiʻia aʻaʻole hoʻoholoʻia e ke kino. No laila, hiki iā lākou ke hana i kaʻinoʻoi aku ma mua o ka maikaʻi.