Nā kuleana o kahi'ōpio

ʻO ka manawa pinepine mākou e lohe ai i ka mālamaʻoleʻana i nā kuleana o nā'ōpio, akā no kekahi kumu e hoʻomanaʻo mauʻia ai lākou ma muli o kā lākou kūlana kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. Akā ma hope o nā mea a pau, pono i ka mea'ōpio keʻike i nā kuleana o ia i loko o kaʻohana a me ke kula,ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke hoʻomanaʻo i ka pono no ka hoʻonaʻauao ma kēia wahi wale nō i ka manawa e hōʻike ana i ka hewa hou. Ināʻole, he aha keʻano o ka pale a mālama i nā kuleana o nā keiki a me nā'ōpio ke hiki ke'ōleloʻia, ināʻaʻohe manaʻo o nā keiki no kā lākou mau pono? Ma ke ala, i ka wā o mākou nā mākua, ma waho aʻe o ka'ōlelo hōʻailona e pili ana i ke kuleana i ke ola, hiki iā mākou ke'ōlelo i nā kuleana o ka mea'ōpio? ʻAʻole paha, no ka mea ma kēlā me kēia hana ua hōʻinoʻia lākou, akā ma muli o ka hopena o ka hana a me nā pono o ka poʻe'ōpio. No laila, heaha nā kuleana o ka'ōpio?

Mālama ka UN UN Convention i nā kuleana e pili nei:

Nā kuleana o kahi'ōpiopio ma ke kula

ʻO nā kuleana o ke keiki ma ke kulaʻaʻole i kaupalenaʻia i ka kuleana e loaʻa ai ke aʻo kulaʻole. Aia i ka'ōpio ke kuleana i:

Nā kuleana o kahi'ōpio ma kaʻohana

Me kaʻaeʻole o nā mākua, hiki i nā keiki 6-14 makahiki ke hana i nā hana liʻiliʻi o ka home, e hāʻawi i ke kālā i hāʻawiʻia e nā kahu a me nā mākua, a e hana i nā hana e pono ai keʻole ka uku o ke kālā.

Ma hope o ka halaʻana i nā makahiki he 14, hāpaiʻia nā kuleana o ka'ōpio. I kēia manawa, he kuleana kona e kūʻai i kāna kālā (ka haumana, kālā, a me nā kālā'ē aʻe); eʻoliʻoli i nā kuleana a pau o nā mea kākau o ka hana, ka'enekema, ka palapala a me ka mea hana. e hoʻokomo i ke kālā ma nā'auke kālā a hāʻawi aku iā lākou ma muli o ko lākou manaʻo.

ʻO nā kuleana hana o kahi'ōpio

Hiki ke hoʻohana i ka hana mai ka makahiki 14 me ka 'ae o nā mākua a me ka uniona o ka hui. Pono ka mea hana ma ke alo o kahi hana e lawe i ka mea liʻiliʻi e hana. Loaʻa ka kuleana o kekahi mea'ōpiopio e hoʻomaopopoʻiaʻo ia he hanaʻole ke hiki i kona 16 makahiki. Me nā keikiʻuʻuku,ʻaʻole i hoʻoholoʻia kahiʻaelike e pili ana i nā kuleana piha, aʻaʻole lākou eʻaeʻia e hoʻoili i nā hōʻoia i ka wā e hoʻolimalimaʻia ai. Eia kekahi,ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoukuʻia kekahi'ōpio me kahi noho hoʻokolokolo no kaʻoi aku o nā mahinaʻoi aku ma mua o 3 mau mahina, ma kaʻaelikeʻana me kaʻahahui, e hoʻonuiʻia ka manawa hoʻokolokolo iʻeono mahina. Uaʻaeʻia kaʻaeʻana i nā poʻe'ōpio i ka hana e pili ana i nā meaʻino a nā hana hana weliweli, ka hana hana lalo a me ka hana e pili ana i nā mea kaulike ma luna o nā kaulike. ʻO nā keiki i piha i ka 16 a hiki i 18 mau makahiki,ʻaʻole e hiki ke halihali i ka kaumaha kaumaha ma mua o ka 2 kg, e hāʻawi ana i ka kaumaha ma mua o ka 4.1 kg no ka hapakolu o ka manawa hana. ʻAʻole hiki ke hana i ka hana ma mua o 5 mau lā ma ka lā i nā makahiki 15-16 makahiki, a he 7 mau makahiki i ka 16 a 18 mau makahiki. Ke aʻo a me ka hoʻohuiʻana i nā haʻawina me ka hana,ʻaʻole pono ka lāʻoihana iʻoi aku ma mua o 2.5 mau makahiki i ka makahiki o ka limahana o nā 14-16 makahiki, aʻaʻoleʻoi aku ma mua o 3.5 mau makahiki i 16-18. Hoʻokuʻu waleʻia kaʻaeʻana ma kaʻaelike waleʻana me ka Commission no nā mea'ōiwi a me ka moku'āina. ʻImiʻia ka hana hana a iʻole kekahi hana.