ʻO ka Thrombocytopenia he hemahema a he wahi liʻiliʻi paha o nā platelet blood (platelets). ʻO kēia mauʻili o ke kokoʻeleʻele he mea nui ia no kaʻoki koko. Hiki i nā'ōlelo hoʻomanaʻo o ka thrombocytopenia ke hoʻoweliweli, no ka mea, e hoʻokahe ana i ka hemorrhage a me nā manawa o ka naʻau.
Nā kumu o ka thrombocytopenia autoimmune
ʻO nā kumu o ka thrombocytopenia heʻano likeʻole. Hiki ke mālamaʻia kahi mau platelets ma muli o nā pilikia o ka palekana me ke kaheʻana o ke koko,ʻaʻohe i kūlike me ka huiʻana o ka hui, aiʻole i ka wā e komo ai ke antigen haole i loko o ke kino, e like me ka maʻi. Akāʻo ka hapanui o ke kino o ke kino, ke kau nei ka thrombocytopenia autoimmune. ʻO kēia kahi kahi iʻikeʻoleʻia ai e ka pūnaewele mālamaʻole i kona pāpale olakino, kahi e alakaʻi ai i ka uluʻana o nā meaʻeleʻele e hoʻopau i ka "malihini". Inā pili kēia thrombocytopenia i kekahi maʻi'ē aʻe, a laila ua kapaʻiaʻo ia he kula kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā kumu o iaʻano heʻano maʻi likeʻole:
- nā collagenoses (dermatomyositis, lupus erythematosus a scleroderma ).
- ka maʻi leukemia lōʻihi a me ka maʻi (Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia, myeloma);
- kekahi maʻi maʻi a me ka maʻi hepatitis.
Ināʻike ka lāʻau thrombocytopenia i kahi maʻi kūlohelohe, ua kapaʻiaʻo ia ka maʻi o Verlhof, a me ka thrombocytopenia waiwai nui a idiopathic paha. ʻAʻole i hoʻonohonoho ponoʻia nā kumu o kēia maʻi. Ma waena o nā kumu ma mua o kona uluʻana, aia nā maʻiʻeleʻele a me nā maʻi bacteria, ka hana maʻamau, nā hōʻaiʻai, nāʻeha a me ka hoʻokomoʻana o ka gamma globulin. Ma 45% o nā hihia, hiki i ka thrombocytopenia kūpono me kaʻole o kekahi kumu.
Nā kumu o ka thrombocytopenia huahua
Hoʻopiliʻia ka thrombocytopenia i loko o ke kino, i ka hikiʻole i ka iwi o ka iwi ke hoʻokomo i nā platelets i loko o ka nui i mea e pono ai no ka kaʻina hana maʻamau. ʻO nā kumu o kēia thrombocytopenia ma ka poʻe mākua:
- anemia aplastic ;
- TAP-maʻi;
- mielodysplastic maʻi;
- myelosclerosis;
- nā kinona o kekahi mau maʻi koko i loko o ka iwi iwi.
- ke hana o nā kinikona (e like me ka benzene).
Eia kekahi, loaʻa ka thrombocytopenia huahua i ka hopena o ka maʻi leukemia liʻiliʻi, i ka wā e loaʻa ai ka hanu nui o ka hematopoiesis, me ka waiʻona a me nā maʻi likeʻole (ka liʻiliʻi, miliary tuberculosis, bacteremia). E hoʻokoʻa mai ka nele o nā platelets a me ka hapaʻole o ka huaʻa B12 a me ka waikawa. ʻO keʻano o ka hoʻolālā o ka thrombocytopenia a me ka hōʻaweweʻana i ka hopena a iʻole ka hopenaʻana i ka hoʻonāʻana i ka hoʻohawewe.
Nā kumu o ka lāʻau thrombocytopenia
Me ka lāʻau thrombocytopenia, hoʻohanaʻia nā mea'epena e kū'ē i kahi lāʻau hōʻailona antigine i hoʻopaʻaʻia ma ka papa o nā platelets, aiʻole ke hoʻololiʻia o ka hanana antigenic o platelets. I ka hapanui o nā kumu, nā kumu o kēiaʻano o thrombocytopenia,ʻo ia nā lāʻau'awaʻa ma hope nei:
1. Nānā:
- Meprobamate;
- Phenobarbital;
- Kuleana;
- allyl isopropylbarbituric acid.
2. Nā'Alokaloids:
- Quinidine;
- ʻO Quinine.
- ʻO nā lāʻauʻokoʻa;
- Oxytetracycline;
- Hoʻokumu;
- ʻO Chloramphenicol;
- ʻO Ristocetin.
3. nā antiponapona sulfonamides:
- ʻo Sulabiazina;
- Sulfamethaine.
4. Nā lāʻau'ē aʻe:
- Ka Puʻupuʻu;
- ioa i ka iodide;
- ʻO Digitoxin;
- ʻO Carbamazepine.
Nā kumu o ka thrombocytopenia i ka poʻe maʻi HIV
Hiki i ka Thrombocytopenia ke hōʻike i nā poʻe i hānaiʻia e ka maʻi. Aiaʻelua kumu e hoʻonāukiuki ai i kēiaʻano i nā maʻi:
- ʻO ka mea mua,ʻo ka hoʻoihoʻiaʻana o ka maʻi megakaryocytes e ka HIV,ʻo ia ka hopena o ka nui o nā platelets.
- ʻO ka lua,ʻo nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua i ka hakakā i nā maʻi e hōʻino pinepine i ka momona o ka iwiʻulaʻula o kekahi.