ʻO kaʻili ka mea nui nui loa,ʻo ia ka nui o ka'ōpū. Ke hoʻomanaʻo nei i nā hopena pili i ke kaiapuni,ʻo kaʻili ka pale pale i ke kino, a ua komo pū i nā hana o ka thermoregulation, ka hanuʻana, ka hoʻomaha. He paʻakikī ka hoʻolālā mōʻaukala o kaʻili o kānaka, no laila e noʻonoʻo ai mākou i kaʻano i maʻalahi.
Nā lāpili maʻi
Hōʻikeʻia kaʻili o kānaka maʻekolu mau papa:
- epidermis, a ma ke ano he elima papa;
- dermis - he mea pilina e pili ana i nāʻanoʻelua;
- hypodermis a me nā momona o ke kino.
ʻO kaʻanuʻu luna (waho) ka epidermis,ʻo ka mānoanoa o iaʻano he likeʻole ia i nā wahi likeʻole o ke kino. Ma muli o kēia, e hoʻohuiʻia kaʻili i kaʻeleʻele (ma nā lā, nā pama) a me nā lahilahi (ma nā wahi i koe o ke kino).
Hoʻonuiʻia kaʻili i kona mau mea hoʻopuka (hoʻopiha):
- nails;
- lauoho;
- kahe wela;
- nā'ōpū nui.
Hoʻoponopono
I loko o kaʻanuʻuʻaʻole he mau kīʻaha koko - e hānaiʻia nā pūnaewele ma o ka māhele waena.
Nā lālā o ka epidermis:
- ka nui - kahi waho, e ulu ana i ka epithelium; ua piha kona mau piha i ka keratin protein a, i ka meaʻoiaʻiʻo, ua make loa;
- uila - ua piha i ka meaʻenehana waiwai e pale ana i ka mālamalama;
- ka pōhaku'ōmaʻomaʻelu - i hōʻikeʻia e 1-5 mau lālani o nā pūnaewele i hoʻopalapalaʻia;
- uliuli - aia he 3-8 mau lālani o nā pūnaewele me nā hua o ka cytoplasmic;
- ke basal - ka papa haʻahaʻa, kahi e kau ana ma luna o ka membrane basal, e pili pono ana i ka dermis, a aia he epithelium prismatic.
ʻO nā pūnaewele o ka stratum corneum e pale mau ana, ua paniʻia lākou e nā mea hou, e neʻe ana mai kahi hohonu.
Dermis a me hypodermis
ʻO keʻano o ka dermis (ʻoiaʻiʻo kaʻili) ke paniʻia e nā papaʻelua.
I loko o ka papa papillary he mau puʻupuʻu puʻupuʻu māmā, e pili ana me nā puʻupuʻu lauoho, nā hopena a me nā capillaries. Ma lalo iho o ka papillary he paepae reticular, i hōʻikeʻia e ka'ōwili, keʻokeʻo māmā a me nā kolo, kahi i kūpaʻa ai kaʻili a me ka'ōwili.
ʻO ka momona o ka'okena a me ka hypoderma kekahi pūpū o nā mea momona a me nā mea pilikino. Maanei e hōʻiliʻiliʻia nā meaʻai a mālamaʻia.
Kaʻili o ka maka
ʻO keʻano o kaʻili o ke kanaka, heʻano likeʻole ia ma kekahi mau wahi o ke kino.
Ma ka 'aoʻao o ka maka kahi mea liʻiliʻi loa o nā anana o nā kepau - a pēlā nō hoʻi e hoʻoholo i kaʻokoʻa o ka pilina o kaʻili o ka maka. Ma muli o ka nui o ka'ikeleho i hūnāʻia e ka huele, he mea maʻamau ke kau i kaʻili i loko o ka momona, maʻamau, maloʻo a me nāʻano like. Ma nā maka a ma luna o nā'ūpulu ka mahele o ka papaʻewalu epidermal. ʻO kaʻili o ka maka ka mea maʻalahi i ka hopena o ke anilā a me nā hopena o ke kaiapuni, no laila pono ia e mālama pono.
Kaʻili o nā lima
Ma nā lapau (a ma nā kapuaʻi hoʻi)ʻaʻole he lau pū a me nā huele pūpū, akā,ʻo kaʻawa momona ma kēia mau wahi,ʻo ia ka mea nui loa - no ka waiwai i hoʻokuʻuʻia e lākou,ʻaʻole e kau nā lima i ka neʻeʻana. ʻO keʻano o kaʻili o nā lima o nā lima heʻokoʻa loa ia me nāʻano o ke kino. Ma ke kua o nā pāpā, he mea maʻalahi kaʻili, maʻemaʻe a palupalu - mahalo i kēia mau hiʻohiʻona hiki i ke kanaka ke'ō aku i nā manamana lima.
ʻO kaʻili o ke poʻo
ʻO nāʻano o ka hoʻohuiʻana o ka maʻi poʻo i ka maka o ka lauoho lauoho, i hanaʻia e ka hopuʻana o ka liʻuna onionia e pili ana, aia i loko o kaʻeke. Ke kapaʻia ka wili'āpana o ka pākule i ke aʻa, ulu ka lauoho mai ia mea. ʻO ka māhele ma luna o ka epidermis ka mea i kapaʻia ka lauoho lauoho,ʻo ia ka hopena o ka momona a me ka momona. Aia i ka papilla, nāʻoki a me nā capillaries e hānai ana i ka ulu a me ka ulu ulu.
Nā hanaʻili
ʻO ka hoʻohālike a me keʻano o kaʻili ka hoʻoholo i kona koʻikoʻi a me nā hana nui:
- Ka Puʻupuʻu (mai nā hopena kino, nā kukui o UV, kaʻona o ka maʻemaʻe);
- kahemohana (mahalo i ka welaʻana o ka wela a me ka pālaha wela);
- ka hauʻoli (excretion o ka paʻakai, nā hua me ka lāʻau, nā lāʻau lapaʻau me ka wela);
- endocrine a me ka mea hana (synthesis of hormones, accumulation of vitamins D);
- ka loaʻa (ma muli o nā hope o ke aʻalolo);
- immune (komo i ka hoʻokumuʻana i kahi paneʻole).