ʻO ka proteinogenic amino acids, he 20 amino a me ka mea i hoʻololiʻia i loko o ka hoʻopiʻiʻia e kahi hua'ōlelo moʻo'ōlelo, a ua komoʻia i loko o ke kaʻina hana o ka unuhiʻana i nā meaola . Hoʻonohonohoʻia lākou ma muli o ka hoʻolālā a me ka polarity o nā kaulahaoʻaoʻao.
Nā'āpana o nā amino acino proteinogenic
ʻO nā waiwai o kēia mau amino acid e pili ana i kā lākou papa. A ua hoʻohālikelikeʻia lākou e nā māhele he nui, a he mea hiki iāʻoe ke hoʻonohonoho:
- e ke kuhi (i kauohaʻia "+" a me "-", polar uncharged, nonpolar);
- e nā hui pāʻani (amino acids sulfur, aliphatic, aromatic, imino acids a me nā waehe heterocyclic);
- ma keʻano o ka catabolic (amino acids ketogenic, glycogen, a me nā pūpū o kahiʻano likeʻole);
- e nā mea mekini (monobasic, acidic, amino acic acid);
- nā kumuhana (amine, mau mea amino āpau i loaʻa i ke kālaiʻia).
He kūlike konaʻano me kēlā me kēia papa.
Ka hoʻohālikelikeʻana i nā amino acids proteinogen
ʻEhiku mau papa o nāʻano amino acino (hiki keʻikeʻia ma ka papaʻaina). E noʻonoʻo iā lākou e like me:
- ʻO Aliphatic amino acids. ʻO kēia pūʻulu he alanine, valine, glycine, leucine a me isoleucine.
- 'Amaila amino. ʻO kēiaʻano nā'āpana e like me ka methionine a me ke cysteine.
- ʻO nā amino acids. ʻO kēia hui pūʻia nā phenylalanine, histidine, tyrosine, a me tryptophan.
- Nūnū amino acids. ʻO kēia māhele e komo ana i ka serine, threonine, asparagine, proline, glutamine.
- Imino acids. ʻO Proline, ka mea hoʻokahi ma kēia hui, uaʻoi aku ka pololei ke kapaʻiaʻo ia he amino acid ma mua o ka amino acid.
- ʻO nā amino acids . Loaʻa nā'āpana aspartic a me glutamic i kēia mahele.
- 'Amino amino. ʻO kēia māhele nā lysine, histidine, a me arginine.